International terrorism: Violent criminal acts committed by individuals and/or groups inspired by or associated with designated foreign terrorist organizations or nations (sponsored by the State). Domestic terrorism: Violent criminal acts committed by individuals and/or groups to promote ideological objectives arising from national influences, such as political, religious, social, racial or environmental nature. Many factors have contributed to the development of the terrorist threat on the international and national fronts, such as: it is hard to believe that a word like “terrorism”, which is so often used today in various contexts and in occasional, familiar, political and legal discourses, does not have a generally accepted definition. The Terrorist Screening Center (TSC) maintains the U.S. government`s Consolidated Terrorism Watch List. The FBI`s Joint Task Forces on Terrorism (JTF) are our country`s front line when it comes to terrorism. This chapter proposes a definition of terrorism based on semiotic principles. It reveals five fundamental elements of the crime of terrorism that are deeply rooted in each of the many definitions proposed by the United States in its laws and by many other nations, academics, and international organizations such as the United Nations. It shows that terrorism can be included in other specifically defined international crimes such as war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide in certain circumstances that require the existence of the five fundamental elements of the crime. It also examines in a comparative manner the definitions of terrorism of the United States, English, French, Europe and Canada, as well as the attempt of the United Nations to define terrorism in its seventeen multilateral conventions. The chapter examines various definitions proposed by leading scholars in the field of international law and the law of terrorism. Finally, two different literary and cinematographic representations of terrorism are considered: Joseph Conrad`s novel The Secret Agent (1907) and the more recent film Hotel Rwanda.
The application of semiotic analysis to these literary texts tickles their hidden legal issues in order to shed light on the complex problem of terrorism. The FBI strives to remain agile in its handling of the terrorist threat that has evolved since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Years after these attacks, the threat landscape has expanded dramatically and international terrorism remains a serious threat. The threat of domestic terrorism also remains on the whole, with actors crossing the line between exercising First Amendment rights and committing crimes to promote violent agendas. “A Semiotic Approach to a Legal Definition of Terrorism” SUMMARY: Objective: This is an exploratory review of the literature aimed at describing the characteristics of the jihadist complex as a tool for a better understanding of behavior than we currently do. I assessed the factors that led to young people`s disenfranchisement to determine whether they contributed to the incentives for young people attracted to jihadist concerns. What are the ways to reduce some of the underlying causes of radicalism in the subregion and elsewhere? Method: For the theoretical analyses, I relied on five thematic areas that have been theorized by various security researchers, that jihadist radicalism is young, that it is based on Islamic religious “narratives”, that they are rebels deprived of their rights for no reason, that they are not empathetic to the suffering of vulnerable Muslims, that radicals are “instrumentalized” by groups such as al-Qaeda or ISIS because of these precursors. Result: The result shows that the literature on radicalism, on jihadist terrorism, is still in the making and suffers from the lack of systematic epidemiological formulation for the analysis of this social behavior. There seems to be confusion among researchers as to whether the terrorist is suffering from what can be called a “jihadist complex.” Discussion: Jihadism is not an esoteric issue that should escape classification in terms of behavior of those who defend this cause, because there is an inherent stratification in the social milieu whether jihadists come from Africa, Asia, Britain or Germany. Conclusion: To meet a social challenge, one must be able to assess the cause-and-effect aspect of the challenge for a particular person or group of them. Jihadist push and pull factors can be understood and classified in the same way that many human behaviors are classifiable.
Many companies offer single sign-on between the company`s website and Oxford Academic. If “Log in through the company`s website” appears in the registration area of a journal: Decoding International Law: Semiotics and the Humanities Home > Shepard Broad College of Law > ILSA Journal > Vol. 9 > Iss. 2 (2003) It is important for people to protect themselves online and in person and report suspicious activity they encounter. The simplest ways to achieve this are: Access for Society members to a journal is obtained in one of the following ways: Access to Oxford Academic content is often made possible through subscriptions and institutional purchases. If you are a member of an institution with an active account, you may be able to access the content in one of the following ways: Tiefenbrun, S. (2003). A Semiotic approach to a legal definition of terrorism US Department of Defense, 2005, Global War on Terrorism, DOD needs to improve reliability of cost and provide additional guidelines to control cost, GAO-05-882, September 2005. www.pegc.us/archive/Journals/tiefenbrun_terroism_def.pdf Comparative and Foreign Law Commons, International Law Commons KEYWORDS: Jihadist Complex, Radicalism, Terrorism, Jihadist, Motivation, Instrumentalized, Al Qaeda, ISIS, West Africa Enter your library card number to register. If you are unable to register, please contact your librarian.
Our books are available by subscription or by purchase for libraries and institutions. JOURNAL NAME: Advances in Applied Sociology, Vol.6 No.2, February 16, 2016 The threats posed by the Iranian regime and its terrorist partners are far-reaching. The FBI has committed to . For librarians and administrators, your personal account also provides access to institutional account management. Find options to view and activate subscriptions, manage institutional settings and access options, access usage statistics, and more. Some companies use Oxford Academic`s personal accounts to grant access to their members. See below. If your institution is not listed or if you are unable to log in to your institution`s website, please contact your librarian or administrator. Tiefenbrun, Susan (2003) “A Semiotic Approach To A Legal Definition Of Terrorism,” ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law: Vol. 9: Iss. 2 , Article 6 Available at: nsuworks.nova.edu/ilsajournal/vol9/iss2/6 For more information on reporting suspicious activity and protecting the community, see the following resources.
